<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">spfp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Хранение и переработка сельхозсырья</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Storage and Processing of Farm Products</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9669</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-767X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РОСБИОТЕХ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36107/spfp.2026.3.723</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">spfp-723</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОНТРОЛЬ КАЧЕСТВА И БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ПРОДУКЦИИ АПК</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CONTROL OVER QUALITY AND SAFETY OF AGRIBUSINESS PRODUCTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Практическое применение метода машинного обучения для установления географического места происхождения вина</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Classification of Russian  Wines by Geographical Origin Using the Random Forest Method Based on Isotopic Ratios and Elemental Profile</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-4292</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оганесянц</surname><given-names>Лев Арсенович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oganesyants</surname><given-names>Lev A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный руководитель</p><p>510606</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniipbivp@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5502-7951</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панасюк</surname><given-names>Александр Львович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panasyuk</surname><given-names>Alexander L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заместитель директора по науке</p><p>4749-5602</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alpanasyuk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-0455</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свиридов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sviridov</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заведующий сектором</p><p>6193-3420</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labvin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0518-1181</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ганин</surname><given-names>Михаил Юрьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ganin</surname><given-names>Mikhail Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник</p><p>5203-0644</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m-ganin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9022-7265</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильин</surname><given-names>Александр Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyin</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tetpapx@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1439-5437</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ионов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Русланович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ionov</surname><given-names>Dmitry R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер</p><p>5450-4980</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labvin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт пивоваренной, безалкогольной и винодельческой промышленности» (ВНИИПБиВП) – филиал Федерального Государственного Бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All–Russian Research Institute of Brewing, Non-Alcoholic and Wine Industry, Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "V.M. Gorbatov Federal Scientific Center for Food Systems" of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>3</issue><elocation-id>723</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Оганесянц Л.А., Панасюк А.Л., Свиридов Д.А., Ганин М.Ю., Ильин А.А., Ионов Д.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Оганесянц Л.А., Панасюк А.Л., Свиридов Д.А., Ганин М.Ю., Ильин А.А., Ионов Д.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Oganesyants L.A., Panasyuk A.L., Sviridov D.A., Ganin M.Y., Ilyin A.A., Ionov D.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.spfs-journal.ru/jour/article/view/723">https://www.spfs-journal.ru/jour/article/view/723</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В связи с заметным повышением интереса потребителей к винам с защищенным географическим указанием (ЗГУ) и защищенным наименованием места происхождения (ЗНМП) особую актуальность приобретает разработка надежных методов подтверждения их географического происхождения. Несмотря на широкое применение в мировой практике комплексного анализа изотопных отношений, элементного профиля и методов машинного обучения, для российских вин отсутствуют научно обоснованные модели классификации, учитывающие особенности основных виноградо-винодельческих зон страны.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Установить возможность классификации образцов отечественный вин по месту их географического происхождения на основе комплексного анализа изотопных отношений углерода, кислорода и водорода этанола и элементного профиля с использованием методов машинного обучения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Были отобраны 63 образца вин, произведенных в основных виноградо-винодельческих зонах России. Из них 20 образцов из Краснодарского края, 32 образца из Крыма, 7 образцов из Дагестана, 4 образца из Долины Дона. В данных образцах были измерены изотопные отношения δ13С, δ18O и δD выделенного этанола, а также 71 показатель массовых концентраций макро-, микроэлементов и редкоземельных металлов. В исследовании использовали модель Random Forest, в качестве метрик применяли precision, recall и f1-score, для получения доверительных интервалов метрик была использована стратифицированная k-fold кросс-валидация c 100 повторениями.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. После обучения и валидации модели, ее средняя точность составила 0,92 для Дагестана, 0,99 для Долины Дона, 0,82 для Краснодарского Края и 0,90 для Крыма. Наиболее важными для модели параметрами являлись показатели изотопных отношений элементов в составе молекул этанола, а также массовые концентрации Li, B, Cs, Sr, W, Ni, Sn. Среди редкоземельных металлов наиболее важными для модели являлись концентрации Dy, Lu, Yb, Tm, Ho, Y, La. </p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Полученные результаты показывают перспективность применения методов машинного обучения для задач аутентификации отечественной винодельческой продукции. Данная модель является основой для проведения классификации вин, произведенных в более ограниченных географических зонах, в том числе в виноградо-винодельческих районах и конкретных терруарах. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Abstract</title><p>Abstract. Due to the marked increase in consumer interest in wines with a protected geographical indication PGI and a protected designation of origin PDO, the development of reliable methods for confirming their geographical origin is becoming particularly relevant. Despite the widespread use of complex isotope ratio analysis, elemental profile, and machine learning methods in world practice, there are no scientifically sound classification models for Russian wines that take into account the characteristics of the country's main grape-growing areas. </p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. To establish the possibility of classifying samples of domestic wines by their geographical origin based on a comprehensive analysis of the isotopic ratios of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen of ethanol and the elemental profile using machine learning methods. </p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. 63 samples of wines produced in the main wine-growing areas of Russia were selected. Of these, 20 samples are from the Krasnodar Territory, 32 samples from the Crimea, 7 samples from Dagestan, 4 samples from the Don Valley. The isotopic ratios δ13C, δ18O, and δD of the isolated ethanol were measured in these samples, as well as 71 mass concentrations of macro-, microelements, and rare earth metals. The Random Forest model was used in the study, precision, recall, and f1-score were used as metrics, and stratified k-fold cross-validation with 100 repetitions was used to obtain confidence intervals for metrics. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. After training and validating the model, its average accuracy was 0.92 for Dagestan, 0.99 for the Don Valley, 0.82 for the Krasnodar Territory and 0.90 for the Crimea. The most important parameters for the model were the isotope ratios of the elements in the composition of ethanol molecules, as well as the mass concentrations of Li, B, Cs, Sr, W, Ni, and Sn. Among rare earth metals, the concentrations of Dy, Lu, Yb, Tm, Ho, Y, and La were the most important for the model. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results obtained show the prospects of applying machine learning methods to the tasks of authenticating domestic wine products. This model is the basis for classifying wines produced in more limited geographical areas, including wine-growing areas and specific terroirs. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вино</kwd><kwd>элементный профиль</kwd><kwd>географическое место происхождения</kwd><kwd>изотопная масс-спектрометрия</kwd><kwd>ИСП-МС</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>wine</kwd><kwd>elemental profile</kwd><kwd>geographical place of origin</kwd><kwd>isotope mass spectrometry</kwd><kwd>ICP-MS</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения исследований по государственному заданию № FGUS-2022–0004 ФГБНУ «ФНЦ пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клименко, Л. В., &amp; Кривошеева-Медянцева, Д. Д. (2024). Виноделие на Юге России: барьеры развития и стратегии позиционирования. Управленец, 15(1), 97-111. https://doi.org/10.29141/2218-5003-2024-15-1-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klimenko, L.V., &amp; Krivosheeva Mediantseva, D.D. (2024). Viticulture in Southern Russia: development barriers and positioning strategies. Upravlenets, 15(1), 97–111. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.29141/2218-5003-2024-15-1-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лисецкий, Ф.Н., Зеленская Е.Я. (2022). Ампелопедологические особенности географических районов виноградства Крыма. Почвоведение, 12, 1540-1556. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0032180X22600688</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sviridov, D.A., Ganin, M.Yu., Il'in, A.A., &amp; Shmigelskya, N.A. (2023). Study of the features of the elemental profile of wines of the Bakhchisarai region of the Republic of Crimea. Food Industry, 8, 71-77. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.52653/PPI.2023.8.8.013</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петров, В.С., Алейникова, Г.Ю., Новикова, Л.Ю, Наумова, Л.Г., Лукьянова, А.А. (2019). Влияние изменений климата на фенологию винограда. Плодоводство и виноградарство Юга России, 57(03), 29–50. https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-29-50</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adami, L., Dutra, S.V., &amp; Marcon, A.R. (2013). Characterization of wines according the geographical origin by analysis of isotopes and minerals and the influence of harvest on the isotope values. Food Chemistry, 141, 2148–2153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.106</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Свиридов, Д.А., Ганин, М.Ю., Ильин, А.А., &amp; Шмигельская Н.А. (2023). Изучение особенностей элементного профиля вин Бахчисарайского района Республики Крым. Пищевая промышленность, 8, 71-77. https://doi.org/10.52653/PPI.2023.8.8.013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Azcarate, S.M., Martinez, L.D., Savio, M., Camiña, J.M., &amp; Gil, R.A. (2015). Classification of monovarietal Argentinean white wines by their elemental profile. Food Control, 68–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.04.025</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Azcarate, S.M., Martinez, L.D, Savio, M., Camiña, J.M., &amp; Gil R.A. (2015). Classification of monovarietal Argentinean white wines by their elemental profile. Food Control, 57, 268–274. https://doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.04.025</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Camin, F., Bontempo, L., Perini, M., Tonon, A., Breas, O., Guillou, C., Moreno Rojas, J.M., &amp; Gagliano, G. (2013). Control of wine vinegar authenticity through δ¹⁸O analysis. Food Control, 29(1), 107–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.05.055</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Camin, F., Bontempo, L., Perini, M., Tonon, A., Breas, O., Guillou, C., Moreno-Rojas, J.M., &amp; Gagliano, G. (2013). Control of wine vinegar authenticity through δ18O analysis. Food Control, 29(1), 107-111. https://doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.05.055</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Camin, F., Dordevic, N., Wehrens, R., Neteler, M., Delucchi, L., Postma, G., &amp; Buydens, L. (2015). Climatic and geographical dependence of the H, C and O stable isotope ratios of Italian wine. Analytica Chimica Acta, 853(1), 384–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2014.09.049</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Camin, F., Dordevic, N., Wehrens, R., Neteler, M., Delucchi, L., Postma, G., &amp; Buydens, L. (2015). Climatic and geographical dependence of the H, C and O stable isotope ratios of Italian wine. Analytical Chimica Acta, 853(1), 384-390. https://doi:10.1016/j.aca.2014.09.049</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coetzee, P.P., Van Jaarsveld, F.P., &amp; Vanhaecke, F. (2014). Intraregional classification of wine via ICP MS elemental fingerprinting. Food Chemistry, 164, 485–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.027</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coetzee, P.P., Jaarsveld, FPVan, &amp; Vanhaecke, F. (2014). Intraregional classification of wine via ICP-MS elemental fingerprinting. Food Chemistry, 164, 485–492. https://doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.027</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dordevic, N., Wehrens, R., Postma, G.J., Buydens, L.M.C., &amp; Camin, F. (2012). Statistical methods for improving verification of claims of origin for Italian wines based on stable isotope ratios. Analytica Chimica Acta, 757, 19–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2012.10.046</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dordevic, N., Wehrens, R., Postma, G.J., Buydens, L.M.C., &amp; Camin, F. (2012). Statistical methods for improving verification of claims of origin for Italian wines based on stable isotope ratios. Analytica Chimical Acta, 757, 19-25. https://doi:10.1016/j.aca.2012.10.046</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dutra, S.V., Adami, L., Marcon, A.R., Carnieli, G.J., Roani, C.A., Spinelli, F.R., Leonardelli, S., &amp; Vanderlinde, R. (2013). Characterization of wines according the geographical origin by analysis of isotopes and minerals and the influence of harvest on the isotope values. Food Chemistry, 141(3), 2148–2153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.106</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dutra, S.V., Adami, L., Marcon, A.R., Carnieli, G.J., Roani, C.A., Spinelli, F.R., Leonardelli, S., &amp; Vanderlinde, R. (2013). Characterization of wines according the geographical origin by analysis of isotopes and minerals and the influence of harvest on the isotope values. Food Chemistry, 141(3), 2148-2153. https://doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.106</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dutra, S.V., Adami, L., Marcon, A.R., Carnieli, G.J., Roani, C.A., Spinelli, F.R., &amp; Leonardelli, S. (2013). Characterization of wines according the geographical origin by analysis of isotopes and minerals and the influence of harvest on the isotope values. Food Chemistry, 141(3), 2148–2153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.106</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fan, S., Zhong. Q., Gao, H., Wang, D., Li, G., &amp; Huang, Z. (2018). Elemental profile and oxygen isotope ratio (δ18O) for verifying the geographical origin of Chinese wines. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 26(3), 1033–1044. https://doi:10.1016/j.jfda.2017.12.009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fan, S., Zhong, Q., Gao, H., Wang, D., Li, G., &amp; Huang, Z. (2018). Elemental profile and oxygen isotope ratio (δ¹⁸O) for verifying the geographical origin of Chinese wines. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 26(3), 1033–1044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2017.12.009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Farquhar, G.D., von Caemmerer, S., &amp; Berry, J.A.A. (1980). Biochemical model of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in leaves of C3 species. Planta, 149, 78–90. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386231</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Farquhar, G.D., von Caemmerer, S., &amp; Berry, J.A. (1980). A biochemical model of photosynthetic CO₂ assimilation in leaves of C₃ species. Planta, 149, 78–90. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386231</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frías, S., Pérez Trujillo, J., Peña, E. &amp; Conde, E. (2001). Classification and differentiation of bottled sweet wines of Canary Islands (Spain) by their metallic content. European Food Research and Technology, 213, 145–149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002170100344</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frías, S., Pérez Trujillo, J., Peña, E., &amp; Conde, E. (2001). Classification and differentiation of bottled sweet wines of Canary Islands (Spain) by their metallic content. European Food Research and Technology, 213, 145–149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002170100344</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Geana, I., Iordache, A., Ionete, R., Marinescu, A., Ranca, A., Culea, M. (2013). Geographical origin identification of Romanian wines by ICP-MS elemental analysis. Food Сhemistry, 138(2-3), 1125-1134. https://doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.11.104</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Geana, I., Iordache, A., Ionete, R., Marinescu, A., Ranca, A., &amp; Culea, M. (2013). Geographical origin identification of Romanian wines by ICP MS elemental analysis. Food Chemistry, 138(2–3), 1125–1134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.11.104</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gómez-Alonso, S. &amp; García Romero, E. (2009). Effect of irrigation and variety on oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) stable isotope composition of grapes cultivated in a warm climate. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research, 16(2), 283-289. https://doi:10.1111/j.1755-0238.2009.00089.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gonzalvez, A., Llorens, A., Cervera, M.L., Armenta, S., &amp; De la Guardia, M. (2009). Elemental fingerprint of wines from the protected designation of origin Valencia. Food Chemistry, 112, 26–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.05.043</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gonzalvez, A., Llorens, A., Cervera, M.L., Armenta, S., &amp; De la Guardia, M. (2009). Elemental fingerprint of wines from the protected designation of origin Valencia. Food Chemistry, 112, 26–34. https://doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.05.043</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hardie, W., &amp; Considine, J. (1976). Response of grapes to water deficit stress in particular stages of development. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 27, 55–61. https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.1976.27.2.55</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hardie, W., &amp; Considine, J. (1976). Response of grapes to water-deficit stress in particular stages of development. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 27, 55–61. https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.1976.27.2.55</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mar Castiñeira Gómez del, M., Feldmann, I., Jakubowski, N., &amp; Andersson, J.T. (2004). Classification of German white wines with certified brand of origin by multielement quantitation and pattern recognition techniques. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(9), 2962–2974. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf035120f</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matthews, M., Ishii, R., Anderson, M., O’Mahony, M. (1990). Dependence of wine sensory attributes on wine water status. Journal of Science of Food and Agriculture, 51, 321–335. https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.2740510305</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pepi, S., &amp; Vaccaro, C. (2018). Geochemical fingerprints of “Prosecco” wine based on major and trace elements. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 40(2), 833–847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-017-0029-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Castiñeira, M.D.M, Feldmann I, Jakubowski, N., &amp; Andersson. J.T. (2004). Classification of German white wines with certified brand of origin by multielement quantitation and pattern recognition techniques. Journal Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 5, 2962–2974. https://doi:10.1021/jf035120f</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scheidegger, Y., Saurer, M., Bahn, M., &amp; Siegwolf, R. (2000). Linking stable oxygen and carbon isotopes with stomatal conductance and photosynthetic capacity: A conceptual model. Oecologia, 125(3), 350–357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420000466</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pepi, S. &amp; Vaccaro, C., (2018). Geochemical fingerprints of “Prosecco” wine based on major and trace elements. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 833-847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-017-0029-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shimizu, H., Akamatsu, F., Kamada, A., Koyama, K., Iwashita, K., &amp; Goto Yamamoto, N. (2020). Variation in the mineral composition of wine produced using different winemaking techniques. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 130(2), 166–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.03.012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scheidegger, Y., Saurer, M., Bahn, M., &amp; Siegwolf, R. (2000). Linking stable oxygen and carbon isotopes with stomatal conductance and photosynthetic capacity: A conceptual model. Oecologia, 125(3), 350-357. https://doi:10.1007/s004420000466</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soler, F., Garcia Rodriguez, G., &amp; Perez Lopez, M. (2011). Characterization of “Ribera del Guadiana” and “Méntrida” Spanish red wines by chemometric techniques based on their mineral contents. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 50(1), 41–49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shimizu, H., Akamatsu, F., Kamada, A., Koyama, K., Iwashita, K., &amp; Goto-Yamamoto, N. (2020) Variation in the mineral composition of wine produced using different winemaking techniques. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 130, 2, 166–172. https://doi:10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.03.012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Temerdashev, Z.A., Abakumov, A.G., Kaunova, A.A., Shelud’ko, O.N., &amp; Tsyupko, T.G. (2023). Assessment of quality and region of origin of wines. Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 78(12), 1724–1740. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1061934823120171</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sobotovich, E.V., Florinsky I.V., Lysenko O.B., Grodzinsky D.M. (2010). Role of isotopes in the biosphere. Man and the Geosphere (pp. 33-68). New York: Nova Science Publishers. https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.4787.9363</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Titarenko, V.O., Khalafyan, A.A., Temerdashev, Z.A., Kaunova, A.A., &amp; Abakumov, A.G. (2018). Identification of the varietal and regional origin of red wines by classification analysis. Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 73(2), 195–206. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1061934818020132</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soler, F., Garcia-Rodrigues, G., &amp; Perez-Lopez, M. (2011). Characterization of “Ribera del Guadiana” and “Méntrida” Spanish red wines by chemometric techniques based on their mineral contents. Journal of food and nutrition research, 50(1), 41–49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soler, F., Garcia-Rodrigues, G., &amp; Perez-Lopez, M. (2011). Characterization of “Ribera del Guadiana” and “Méntrida” Spanish red wines by chemometric techniques based on their mineral contents. Journal of food and nutrition research, 50(1), 41–49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Temerdashev, Z. A. Abakumov A.G., Kaunova A.A., Shelud'ko O.N., &amp; Tsyupko T.G. (2023). Assessment of quality and region of origin of wines. Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 78(12), 1724-1740. https://doi:10.1134/S1061934823120171</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Temerdashev, Z. A. Abakumov A.G., Kaunova A.A., Shelud'ko O.N., &amp; Tsyupko T.G. (2023). Assessment of quality and region of origin of wines. Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 78(12), 1724-1740. https://doi:10.1134/S1061934823120171</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Titarenko, V.O., A.A. Khalafyan, A.A., Temerdashev, Z.A., Kaunova, A.A., &amp; Abakumov. A.G. (2018). Identification of the varietal and regional origin of red wines by classification analysis. Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 73(2), 195-206. https://doi:10.1134/S1061934818020132</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Titarenko, V.O., A.A. Khalafyan, A.A., Temerdashev, Z.A., Kaunova, A.A., &amp; Abakumov. A.G. (2018). Identification of the varietal and regional origin of red wines by classification analysis. Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 73(2), 195-206. https://doi:10.1134/S1061934818020132</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
