spfpХранение и переработка сельхозсырьяStorage and Processing of Farm Products2072-96692658-767XРОСБИОТЕХspfp-712Research ArticleБИОТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ И МИКРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫBIOTECHNOLOGICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTSВлияние предпосевной обработки экзогенными интермедиатами цикла Кребса на прорастание и физиологические показатели проростков Lactuca sativa L.Effect of Pre-sowing Treatment with Exogenous TCA Cycle Intermediates on Germination and Physiological Characteristics of Lactuca sativa L. Seedlingshttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-2128-5904ЖигайловАлександр СергеевичZhigailovAlexander Sergeevich

Ассистент кафедры бионанотехнологии

Assistant Professor of the Department of Bionanotechnology

szhigailov@ya.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7226-4732ПугачевВалерий МихайловичPugachevValery Mikhailovich

Доцент кафедры химии твердого тела и химического материаловедения

Associate Professor of the Department of Solid State Chemistry and Chemical Materials Science

vm1707@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6842-4537ВечтомоваЕлена АлександровнаVechtomovaElena Alexandrovna

Профессор кафедры Технологии продуктов питания из растительного сырья

Professor of the Department of Food Technology from Vegetable raw Materials

vechtomowa.lena@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5630-3196ПросековАлександр ЮрьевичProsekovAlexander Yurievich

Профессор кафедры бионанотехнологии

Professor of the Department of Bionanotechnology

aprosekov@rambler.ruКемеровский государственный университетРоссияKemerovo State UniversityRussian Federation202616092026342712Copyright © Жигайлов А.С., Пугачев В.М., Вечтомова Е.А., Просеков А.Ю., 20262026Жигайлов А.С., Пугачев В.М., Вечтомова Е.А., Просеков А.Ю.Zhigailov A.S., Pugachev V.M., Vechtomova E.A., Prosekov A.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.spfs-journal.ru/jour/article/view/712Введение

Введение. В современном растениеводстве существует потребность в экологически безопасных биостимуляторах, альтернативных синтетическим регуляторам роста. Интермедиаты цикла трикарбоновых кислот (цикла Кребса) рассматриваются как перспективные эндогенные соединения, способные активировать энергетический обмен на начальных этапах онтогенеза, однако их влияние на прорастание семян салата листового изучено недостаточно.

Цель

Цель. Изучение влияния предпосевной обработки семян Lactuca sativa L. экзогенными интермедиатами цикла Кребса (янтарной, яблочной, лимонной и фумаровой кислотами) в различных концентрациях на энергию прорастания, морфометрические параметры проростков и биохимические показатели, характеризующие дыхание и окислительный статус.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Семена салата сорта ‘Московский парниковый’ обрабатывали растворами кислот в концентрациях 0,001%, 0,005%, 0,01% и 0,1% в течение 4 часов. Для разделения эффектов кислотного стресса и специфического действия интермедиатов ЦТК использовали контрольный вариант с 0,1% HCl. Оценку энергии прорастания (4-е сутки) и всхожести (7-е сутки) проводили по ГОСТ 12038-84. Определяли длину корешка и гипокотиля, активность сукцинатдегидрогеназы (СДГ), содержание малонового диальдегида (МДА) и фотосинтетических пигментов.

Результаты

Результаты. 

Установлена нелинейная зависимость исследованных показателей от природы органической кислоты и её концентрации. Наибольшее значение энергии прорастания зарегистрировано после обработки семян янтарной кислотой в концентрации 0,005% — 88,0 ± 2,3% против 72,0 ± 2,3% в водном контроле, что соответствует увеличению на 22,2% относительно контроля. Лабораторная всхожесть в данном варианте составляла 95,0 ± 1,0% против 87,0 ± 1,9% в контроле. Обработка янтарной кислотой в концентрации 0,005% сопровождалась повышением активности СДГ на 45%, увеличением содержания хлорофилла a на 43,6% и снижением содержания МДА на 30,6%. При концентрации исследуемых кислот 0,1% наблюдались снижение показателей прорастания и роста и повышение содержания МДА; максимальное значение МДА зарегистрировано после обработки 0,1%-ной фумаровой кислотой и превышало контрольное в 1,89 раза.

Выводы

Выводы. Экзогенные интермедиаты цикла Кребса в низких концентрациях выступают эффективными метаболическими регуляторами начальных этапов прорастания. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о перспективности применения янтарной кислоты в концентрации 0,005 % в качестве биостимулятора для предпосевной обработки семян салата. Полученные данные могут служить основой для дальнейших исследований применения интермедиатов цикла трикарбоновых кислот в технологиях предпосевной обработки овощных культур.

Ключевые слова

Ключевые слова: предпосевная обработка; цикл трикарбоновых кислот; органические кислоты; энергия прорастания; сукцинатдегидрогеназа; малоновый диальдегид; биостимуляторы растений; Lactuca sativa.

Introduction

Introduction. In modern crop production, there is a need for environmentally friendly biostimulants that are alternatives to synthetic growth regulators. Intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle) are considered as promising endogenous compounds capable of activating energy metabolism at the initial stages of ontogenesis, but their effect on the germination of lettuce seeds has not been sufficiently studied.

Purpose

Purpose. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of pre-sowing treatment of Lactuca sativa L. seeds with exogenous intermediates of the Krebs cycle (succinic, malic, citric and fumaric acids) in various concentrations on germination energy, morphometric parameters of seedlings and biochemical parameters characterizing respiration and oxidative status.

Materials and Methods

Materials and Methods. Lettuce seeds of the cv. 'Moskovskiy Parnikovyy'  were treated with acid solutions at concentrations of 0.001%, 0.005%, 0.01% and 0.1% for 4 hours. To separate the effects of acid stress and the specific effects of TCA cycle intermediates , a control variant HCl was used. The assessment of germination energy (4th day) and germination (7th day) was carried out according to GOST 12038-84. The length of the root and hypocotyl, the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and photosynthetic pigments were determined.

Results

Results. A nonlinear concentration-dependent response was observed. The highest germination energy was recorded after treatment with 0.005% succinic acid and reached 88.0 ± 2.3% compared with 72.0 ± 2.3% in the water control, corresponding to a 22.2% relative increase. Final germination percentage was 95.0 ± 1.0% compared with 87.0 ± 1.9% in the control. Treatment with 0.005% succinic acid was accompanied by a 45% increase in SDH activity, a 43.6% increase in chlorophyll a content, and a 30.6% decrease in MDA content. At a concentration of 0.1%, the tested organic acids reduced germination and seedling growth and increased MDA content; the maximum MDA level was observed after treatment with 0.1% fumaric acid and was 1.89-fold higher than in the control.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The obtained results indicate that low concentrations of exogenous TCA cycle intermediates can regulate the early stages of seed germination, whereas high concentrations induce inhibitory effects. Succinic acid at a concentration of 0.005% is a promising environmentally friendly biostimulator for the pre-sowing treatment of lettuce seeds, which improves seed quality and the physiological state of seedlings by activating energy metabolism and reducing oxidative processes. The results obtained confirm the prospects for further study of exogenous TCA cycle intermediates  as components of biostimulating compositions for vegetable crops.

Keywords

Keywords: pre-sowing treatment; TCA cycle intermediates; organic acids; germination energy; succinate dehydrogenase; malondialdehyde; plant biostimulants; Lactuca sativa.

предпосевная обработкацикл трикарбоновых кислоторганические кислотыэнергия прорастаниясукцинатдегидрогеназамалоновый диальдегидбиостимуляторы растенийLactuca sativa.Keywords: pre-sowing treatmentTCA cycle intermediatesorganic acidsgermination energysuccinate dehydrogenasemalondialdehydeplant biostimulantsLactuca sativa.ReferencesАджиахметова, С. Л., Поздняков, Д. И., Червонная, Н. М., Куличенко, Е. О., & Оганесян, Э. Т. (2022). Взаимосвязь активности митохондриальных ферментов и антиоксидантной активности вторичных метаболитов полифенольной природы листьев гемипаразита Viscum album L. Фармация и фармакология, 10(4), 343–353. https://doi.org/10.19163/2307-9266-2022-10-4-343-353Dhal, S., & Pal, H. (2022). Regulation of glycolysis and Krebs cycle during biotic and abiotic stresses. In Photosynthesis and Respiratory Cycles during Environmental Stress Response in Plants (pp. 263–308). Apple Academic Press.Еремченко, О. З., Арисова, А. К., & Кайгородов, Р. В. (2022). 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.